錫鉱山町の遺産としての展開に関する研究 : マレーシア・ペラ州タイピンを対象として

学位の種別: 課程博士審査委員会委員 : （主査）東京大学特任教授 窪田 亜矢, 東京大学教授 西村 幸夫, 東京大学准教授 村山 顧人, 東京大学准教授 中島 直人, 東京大学准教授 加藤 耕一University of Tokyo(東京大学

Watching tiktok live streaming: a data collection for public life study in Hutong

The block policy caused by COVID-19 has made public life researchers cannot conduct their studies. However, in recent years, fewer public life studies have proposed new tools to reduce human job involved in data collection process. Hence, this article has proposed a new way to collect public life studies data: watching TikTok live streaming. This research aims to test the reliability of this new data collection method by comparing the contents of Hutong residents' public lives from field research and TikTok live streaming. The researcher conducted an ethnographic investigation in Hutong. In the field research process, the researcher used observation to collect data and recorded it by taking photos and taking notes. While watching TikTok, the researcher selected four anchors who often conduct live streaming in Hutongs to watch and recorded the data by taking screenshots. Data from two different collection methods was analyzed by thematic analysis separately. Results show that the data obtained by watching TikTok live streaming is more comprehensive than that obtained by field research; besides, using TikTok to collect data can sufficiently reduce the input of human jobs. The researcher thought the social function of TikTok may provide more help for data collection. Hence this study advised future research to test the reliability of conducting interviews using TikTok

Effects of vegetation covers for outdoor thermal improvement: A case study at Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria

Frequent increases in temperature and related consequences have been the trending phenomenon for over ten decades, with a general rise of about 0.740C. This study evaluates the effects of different percentage covers of tree canopies for outdoor thermal improvement of campus areas in Bauchi, Nigeria. Firstly, the study involves on-site measurement of existing features on the site and the climatic conditions. Secondly, performing simulation for evaluation of the plant-surface-atmosphere interactions with Envi-met Version 4.4.2. The vegetation effects were evaluated for outdoor air temperature and mean radiant temperature (MRT) reduction. It is found that the maximum air temperature reduction of 3.380C and 24.240C of MRT were achieved with up to 45% tree canopy coverage. The mean air temperature and MRT reduction of 0.630C and 4.800C were respectively achieved with the same percentage coverage of the canopies. However, it was found that the thermal reduction effects of vegetation do not apply to every hour of the day. In essence, proper planning and implementation of campus outdoor spaces is the key factor in improving its thermal conditions. Thus, adhering to the practical recommendations bring a significant improvement in ameliorating the rise in atmospheric temperature on campus outdoors

Resilience of Pontian farmers in the face of the impact changes of rapid development in Iskandar Malaysia

The issues of community resilience arise from the need to develop an understanding of how people would respond to internal and external disturbances. In-depth discussion towards the impact of a city to a neighbouring district has little been discussed. The District of Pontian is located west of Iskandar Malaysia. It has received an unprecedented level of infrastructural development to boost the economy of Iskandar Malaysia. This study examines the land use pattern change of Pontian District impacted by Iskandar Malaysia. Additionally, the study aims to assess the social, economic and environmental capital and the factors that contribute to the adaptabilities and resilience of farmer communities in Pontian. Build-up area for each period using Google earth satellite imagery from the year 2005 to 2015, was classified to analyze the change of build-up area. Markov Chains technique is applied to predict changes of land use. Next, survey questionnaires were utilized to measure the levels of community resilience. Subsequently, an interview was employed to identify the factors that contribute to the stresses. The results indicate that rapid development of Iskandar Malaysia gave an impact to agricultural land and changed the land use pattern of Pontian. The findings revealed the perspective of individuals, community, and system resilience capacity to survive. It was found that farmers were able to adapt to various stresses. The result indicates that individuals and communities can be adaptive, absorptive, and transformative. The findings can assist in formulation of strategies for communities to be better prepared for the current and future impact of the triple threat of urbanization, globalization and climate change

Solar chimneys as an effective ventilation strategy in multi-storey public housing in the post-COVID-19 era

This paper studies the effectiveness of a solar chimney for improving ventilation and air-exchange rates in multi-storey public housing in tropical climates for the potential mitigation of airborne disease transmission. Virtual models of a typical apartment room with natural cross-ventilation, replicated across four levels to mimic a multi-storey block, were set up with six internal wind velocity sensor points per floor. The simulation software Energy2D was then used to evaluate the performance of the models, first testing the presence of a solar chimney, and then additionally the degree to which the solar chimney model was affected by a complementary ceiling fan. Wind velocity was also measured, as this is a variable that affects ACH rates. Using a non-parametric Wilcoxon signed-rank test, the introduction of a solar chimney was found to have a significant impact on air-flow rates (a variable that positively affects air-exchange rates), resulting in a p-value of 0.000 and Z-value of -3.920. Regression analysis determined that the solar chimney’s effect was enhanced when complemented by a ceiling fan (R-squared value of 0.4687). Consequently, we propose several design strategies that may enable the adoption of the solar chimney concept to improve natural ventilation in residential units

A comparative study of smart city initiatives in Malaysia: Putrajaya and Iskandar Puteri

The Smart City concept has grown exponentially and is rapidly accepted by wider international communities and developed countries. Smart City implementation may lead to a high-quality, more resilient, liveable and sustainable development for a nation. Malaysia's urban population will increase from 74.3% in 2015 to 79.6% in 2025. By 2040, Malaysia is expected to reach 84% of the urbanisation rate. In managing and solving daily urban issues (e.g., congestion, energy, crime, pollution, waste management, etc.), urban planners are searching for implementing Smart Cities as a primary solution. This study aims to investigate two (2) cities’ experiences in implementing these initiatives, namely, Putrajaya and Iskandar Puteri. Both cities act as administrative centres at the national and state levels. Since established in 1995, Putrajaya promoted as the 'Garden City' and 'Intelligent City'. This is followed by the new administrative city of Johor State, Iskandar Puteri (previously known as Nusajaya), officiated in 2009 in the Southern part of Peninsular Malaysia. Both cities introduced their own Smart City blueprint, with 93 strategies in the Putrajaya Smart City Blueprint (2018), and 28 in Smart City Iskandar Malaysia (2012). By comparing the Smart City strategies or initiatives in both areas, this study concludes that Putrajaya’s strategies are more focused on micro-city-level implementation. Iskandar Puteri (in Iskandar Malaysia Development Region) has a brief and wider context at the regional level (macro). In both cities, there are still no clear measurement methods or indicators that can assess the achievement of Smart City initiatives implemented at the local level

The roles of cultural spaces characterising the identity of historic towns in Malaysia

Culture is the widespread substances to delineate people?s thinking, performing, and the practice of way of life, custom, event and festival inherit from one generation to another. Consequently, people interactions within the spatial entity by accomplish cultural activity to establish the cultural space. Cultural spaces are constituted by the physical and social attributes to amalgamate with individual perceptual in perceiving the cultural phenomenon and the place?s meanings to express the identity of a place. However, the alteration of space significant, function, and the physical transformation in the historic town ultimately caused to the lost of identity or „placelesness?. Thus, this research examined and assessed the roles of cultural spaces that characterising the identity of historic towns in Malaysia. Case study method is selected by the supporting of literature reviews, site inventory, site observation and the questionnaire survey (n=60) to investigate the main physical and social attributes and peoples? viewpoints of the cultural spaces in Kuala Dungun and Taiping. Both historic towns are selected accordance to the rich historical backgrounds, significance of socio cultural and economic vitalities. The main findings revealed the cultural spaces are depend on site historical background, socio-cultural activity, spatial pattern, legibility on visual and accessibility, the architectural form and historical structures to create the varieties of cultural spaces in historic towns. Subsequently, the study has identified interpreted of cultural spaces with the prominent socio-cultural and socio economic factors impetus to the placemaking for trading, social interactions, recreational and workplace which to enliven communal lifestyles and fulfil people needs. Eventually, the indication of the most significant cultural spaces in Kuala Dungun and Taiping embraced the marketplaces, waterfronts, and Lake Gardens are imposed by the sense of place, space characters and activity experiences in assigning the identity to each historic town. In sum, the cultural spaces are important for people to conduct the way of life as well as to strengthen the urban fabrics, heritage and cultural identities of historic towns

Teaching method of landscape ecology studio

This paper presents a teaching method on a landscape architectural design studio, Basic ecology and Nature Conservation at the Department of Landscape Architechture, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. The objectives of the studio are to enhance students skills in observing, understanding, analyzing, evaluating and to explore the ecological planning for generating sustainable design idea. The subject content is made up of two main sections. The first section was introduction, via lecture inputs, literature review and graphic exercise and assignments. The second section was outdoor learning experience or case study to provide an oppurtunity for students to visit and to observe real project. The project that visited were Kuala Selangor Nature Park, Putrajaya Wetlands and Sekeping Serendah retreat home. This teaching and learning method was use as comparative study for studio design through discussion, site observation, and analyzed related data and information. The stages of design began with mionor project: literature review and reference study, ecological at work, travelogue, and doodling exercise. It was followed by a major project focused on ecological site planning and design. The design process of the major project included site inventory, analysis and synthesis, conceptual development, master plan planning, detailed area design and construction drawing. The design was evaluated using the five criteria: designs clarity and contents, development of conceptual idea, verbal presentation skill, graphic composition and rationalize on ecological design. Evaluation was done by studio master and assisted by practicing landscape architect whom shared the professional experiences in doing real project. This teaching method enabled the students to gain self learning experiences, design practices, and thinking ideas to increase their sensitivity and awareness of creating an appropriate and meaningful ecology's design

The roles of cultural spaces in Malaysia's historic towns: the Case of Kuala Dungun and Taiping

Cultural space constitutes the physical, cultural and perceptual attributes of a place that creates social phenomenon and place meaning. Nevertheless, cultural spaces in Malaysia's historic town were facing alteration which resulted to place declining and placelessness. Thus, this paper discusses the roles of cultural spaces that characterised the historic town's identity of Kuala Dungun and Taiping. A case study method was conducted involving site observation and questionnaire survey to collect residents’ cultural experiences. Results indicated that cultural spaces generated from routine activity, sociocultural and economic vitality contributed to identity of the historic towns